Presented herein is a literature review on the design and performance of antimotion structures/devices such as breakwaters, submerged plates, oscillating water column breakwaters, air-cushion, auxiliary attachments, and mechanical joints for mitigating the hydroelastic response of very large floating structures (VLFS) under wave action. Shapes of VLFS that could minimize the hydrodynamic response of the structure are also discussed. The analytical, numerical, and experimental methods used in studying the effect of these antimotion structures/devices toward reducing the hydroelastic responses of VLFS are also reviewed.

Issue Section:
Review Articles
Keywords:
elasticity, hydrodynamics, ocean waves, offshore installations, oscillations, plates (structures), seawater, antimotion devices, very large floating structures, hydroelastic response, breakwaters, submerged plates, auxiliary attachments, mechanical joints
Topics:
Breakwaters, Waves, Floating structures, Water, Plates (structures)
1.
Art Rosebblum
,
B.
, 2001, “
From the Best Minds in the World:100 Nobel Laureates Warn
,” Our Planet, Aug. 28, 2009, http://www.cam.net.uk/home/nimmann/peace/nobel.htmhttp://www.cam.net.uk/home/nimmann/peace/nobel.htm
2.
BBC News
, 2006, “
Sea Level Rise Is Accelerating
,” Aug. 27, 2009, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4651876.stmhttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4651876.stm
6.
Wang
,
C. M.
,
Watanabe
,
E.
, and
Utsunomiya
,
T.
, 2008,
Very Large Floating Structures
,
Taylor and Francis
,
Routledge, UK
.
7.
Suzuki
,
H.
, 2005, “
Overview of Megafloat: Concept, Design Criteria, Analysis, and Design
,”
Mar. Struct.
0951-8339,
18
(
2
), pp.
111
–
132
.
Crossref
Search ADS
 
8.
Suzuki
,
H.
,
Bhattacharya
,
B.
,
Fujikubo
,
M.
,
Hudson
,
D. A.
,
Riggs
,
H. R.
,
Seto
,
H.
,
Shin
,
H.
,
Shugar
,
T. A.
,
Yasuzawa
,
Y.
, and
Zong
,
Z.
, 2006, “
ISSC Committee Vi.2: Very Large Floating Structures
,”
Sixteenth International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress
, Southampton, UK, pp.
394
–
442
.
9.
Endo
,
H.
, 2000, “
The Behavior of a VLFS and an Airplane During Takeoff/Landing Run in Wave Condition
,”
Mar. Struct.
0951-8339,
13
(
4–5
), pp.
477
–
491
.
10.
Tay
,
Z. Y.
,
Wang
,
C. M.
, and
Utsunomiya
,
T.
, 2009, “
Hydroelastic Responses and Interactions of Floating Fuel Storage Modules Placed Side-by-Side With Floating Breakwaters
,”
Mar. Struct.
0951-8339,
22
(
3
), pp.
633
–
658
.
Crossref
Search ADS
 
11.
Pernice
,
R.
, 2009, “
Japanese Urban Artificial Islands: An Overview of Projects and Schemes for Marine Cities During 1960s-1990s
,”
Journal of Architecture Planning (Transactions of AIJ)
,
74
(
642
), pp.
1847
–
1855
.
Crossref
Search ADS
 
12.
Cheung
,
B.
, 2008, “
NATO Lecture Series: Survival at Sea for Mariners, Aviators and Personnel Involved in Search and Rescue
,” NATO Research and Technology Organization.
13.
ITTC
, 1999, “
Testing and Extrapolation Methods High Speed Marine Vehicles, Recommended Procedures and Guidelines
,” Excerpt of ISO2631, Seasickness and Fatigue.
14.
Hain
,
T. C.
, 1999, “
Motion Sickness
,” Dizziness-and-Balance.Com, Aug. 28, 2009, http://www.dizziness-and-balance.com/disorders/central/motion.htmhttp://www.dizziness-and-balance.com/disorders/central/motion.htm
15.
Goda
,
Y.
, 2000,
Random Seas and Design of Maritime Structures
,
World Scientific
,
Singapore
.
16.
Utsunomiya
,
T.
,
Watanabe
,
E.
, and
Nakamura
,
N.
, 2001, “
Analysis of Drift Force on VLFS by the Near-Field Approach
,”
Proceedings of the 11th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference
, Stavanger, Norway, pp.
217
–
221
.
17.
Ohmatsu
,
S.
, 2001, “
Numerical Calculation Method for the Hydroelastic Response of a Pontoon-Type Very Large Floating Structure Close to a Breakwater
,”
J. Mar. Sci. Technol.
0948-4280,
5
(
4
), pp.
147
–
160
.
Crossref
Search ADS
 
18.
Headland
,
J. R.
, 1995,
Floating Breakwater
,
Chapman and Hall
,
USA
, Chap. 5.
19.
Carver
,
R. D.
, 1979, “
Floating Breakwater Wave-Attenuation Tests for East Bay Marina, Olympia Harbor, Washington; Hydraulic Model Investigation
,” U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, CE, Vicksburg, MS.
20.
Ren
,
X.
, and
Wang
,
K. H.
, 1994, “
Mooring Lines Connected to Floating Porous Breakwaters
,”
Int. J. Eng. Sci.
0020-7225,
32
(
10
), pp.
1511
–
1530
.
Crossref
Search ADS
 
21.
Williams
,
A. N.
,
Lee
,
H. S.
, and
Huang
,
Z.
, 2000, “
Floating Pontoon Breakwaters
,”
Ocean Eng.
0029-8018,
27
(
3
), pp.
221
–
240
.
Crossref
Search ADS
 
22.
Dong
,
G. H.
,
Zheng
,
Y. N.
,
Li
,
Y. C.
,
Teng
,
B.
,
Guan
,
C. T.
, and
Lin
,
D. F.
, 2008, “
Experiments on Wave Transmission Coefficients of Floating Breakwaters
,”
Ocean Eng.
0029-8018,
35
(
8–9
), pp.
931
–
938
.
23.
Hong
,
S. Y.
,
Choi
,
Y. R.
, and
Hong
,
S. W.
, 2002, “
Analysis of Hydro-Elastic Response of Pontoon-Type VLFS Coupled With Floating Breakwaters Using a Higher-Order Boundary Element Method
,”
Proceedings of the 12th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference
, Kitakyushu, Japan, pp.
313
–
318
.
24.
Lee
,
S. -M.
,
Takaki
,
M.
, and
Iwano
,
M.
, 2003, “
Estimation of the Radiation Forces on Submerged-Plate Oscillating Near a Free Surface by Composite Grid Method
,”
Transactions of the West-Japan Society of Naval Architects
,
105
, pp.
113
–
122
.
25.
Lee
,
C. -H.
, and
Newman
,
J. N.
, 2000, “
Wave Effects on Large Floating Structures With Air Cushions
,”
Mar. Structures
,
13
(
4–5
), pp.
315
–
330
.
26.
Ohta
,
H.
,
Torii
,
T.
,
Hayashi
,
N.
,
Watanabe
,
E.
,
Utsunomiya
,
T.
,
Sekita
,
K.
, and
Sunahara
,
S.
, 1999, “
Effect of Attachment of a Horizontal/Vertical Plate on the Wave Response of a VLFS
,”
Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Very Large Floating Structure
,
University of Hawaii at Manao
,
Honolulu, HI
, Vol.
1
, pp.
256
–
274
.
27.
Watanabe
,
E.
,
Utsunomiya
,
T.
,
Kuramoto
,
M.
,
Ohta
,
H.
,
Torii
,
T.
, and
Hayashi
,
N.
, 2003, “
Wave Response Analysis of VLFS With an Attached Submerged Plate
,”
Int. J. Offshore Polar Eng.
1053-5381,
13
(
3
), pp.
190
–
197
.
28.
Watanabe
,
E.
,
Utsunomiya
,
T.
,
Ohta
,
H.
, and
Hayashi
,
N.
, 2003, “
Wave Response Analysis of VLFS With an Attached Submerged Plate: Verification With 2-D Model and Some 3-D Numerical Examples
,”
Proceedings of International Symposium on Ocean Space Utilization Technology, National Maritime Research Institute
, Tokyo, Japan, pp.
157
–
164
.
29.
Takagi
,
K.
,
Shimada
,
K.
, and
Ikebuchi
,
T.
, 2000, “
An Anti-Motion Device for a Very Large Floating Structure
,”
Mar. Struct.
0951-8339,
13
(
4–5
), pp.
421
–
436
.
30.
Takaki
,
M.
, and
Nishikawa
,
M.
, 2001, “
Hydrodynamic Characteristic of a Submerged Horizontal Plate
,”
Transactions of the West-Japan Society of Naval Architects
,
101
, pp.
81
–
88
.
31.
Pham
,
D. C.
,
Wang
,
C. M.
, and
Utsunomiya
,
T.
, 2008, “
Hydroelastic Analysis of Pontoon-Type Circular VLFS With an Attached Submerged Plate
,”
Appl. Ocean. Res.
0141-1187,
30
, pp.
287
–
296
.
Crossref
Search ADS
 
32.
Masanobu
,
S.
,
Kato
,
S.
,
Maeda
,
K.
, and
Namba
,
Y.
, 2003, “
Response of the Mega-Float Equipped With Novel Wave Energy Absorber
,” ASME Paper No. OMAE2003-37170.
33.
Maeda
,
H.
,
Washio
,
Y.
,
Osawa
,
H.
,
Sato
,
C.
,
Ikoma
,
T.
,
Onishi
,
Y.
, and
Arita
,
M.
, 2000, “
Characteristics of Hydroelastic Responses for Elastic Floating Structure With Wave Energy Absorption System in Waves
,”
JASNAOE Ocean Engineering Symposium
, Kobe, Japan, 15, pp.
173
–
178
.
34.
Ikoma
,
T.
,
Maeda
,
H.
,
Masuda
,
K.
,
Rheem
,
C. -K.
, and
Arita
,
M.
, 2002, “
Effects of Submerged Vertical Plates and Air Chamber Units in Hydroelastic Response Reductions
,”
Proceedings of the 12th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference
, Kitakyushu, Japan, pp.
547
–
552
.
35.
Hong
,
D. C.
,
Hong
,
S. Y.
, and
Hong
,
S. W.
, 2006, “
Reduction of Hydroelastic Responses of a Very-Long Floating Structure by a Floating Oscillating-Water-Column Breakwater System
,”
Ocean Eng.
0029-8018,
33
(
5–6
), pp.
610
–
634
.
36.
Hong
,
D. C.
, and
Hong
,
S. Y.
, 2007, “
Hydroelastic Responses and Drift Forces of a Very-Long Floating Structure Equipped With a Pin-Connected Oscillating-Water-Column Breakwater System
,”
Ocean Eng.
0029-8018,
34
(
5–6
), pp.
696
–
708
.
37.
Maeda
,
H.
,
Onishi
,
Y.
,
Rheem
,
C. -K.
,
Ikoma
,
T.
,
Washio
,
Y.
,
Osawa
,
H.
, and
Arita
,
M.
, 2000, “
Flexible Response Reduction on a Very Large Floating Structure due to OWC Wave Power Devices
,”
J. Soc. Nav. Archit. Jpn.
0514-8499,
188
, pp.
279
–
285
.
38.
Maeda
,
H.
,
Rheem
,
C. -K.
,
Washio
,
Y.
,
Osawa
,
H.
,
Nagata
,
Y.
,
Ikoma
,
T.
,
Fujita
,
N.
, and
Arita
,
M.
, 2001, “
Reduction Effects of Hydroelastic Responses on a Very Large Floating Structure With Wave Energy Absoption Devices Using OWC System
,” ASME Paper No. OMAE2001/OSU-5013.
39.
Ikoma
,
T.
,
Maeda
,
H.
,
Masuda
,
K.
, and
Rheem
,
C. -K.
, 2003, “
Effects of the Air-Chambers on the Hydroelastic Response Reduction
,”
Proceedings of International Symposium on Ocean Space Utilization Technology
, Tokyo, Japan, pp.
180
–
188
.
40.
Hong
,
S. Y.
, and
Kyoung
,
J. H.
, 2006, “
Hydroelastic Response of VLFS Coupled With OWC-Type Breakwater
,”
Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Hydroelasticity in Marine Technology
, Wuxi, China, pp.
245
–
254
.
41.
Hong
,
S. Y.
, and
Kyoung
,
J. H.
, 2007, “
Effects of Location and Shape of OWC-Chamber on the Hydroelastic Response of VLFS
,”
Proceedings of the Seventh International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference
, Lisbon, Portugal, pp.
434
–
438
.
42.
Kyoung
,
J. H.
, and
Hong
,
S. Y.
, 2008, “
Localized Finite Element Method on Hydroelastic Responses of OWC-Embedded VLFS
,” ASME Paper No. OMAE2008-57995.
43.
Hong
,
S. Y.
,
Kim
,
B. W.
, and
Kyoung
,
J. H.
, 2009, “
Numerical and Experimental Study on Coupled Hydroelastic Behavior of VLFS and OWC Chamber
,”
Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Hydroelasticity in Marine Technology
, Southampton, UK, pp.
303
–
312
.
44.
Shigemitsu
,
H.
,
Ogata
,
T.
,
Kobayashi
,
H.
,
Inoue
,
K. -I.
,
Fukuoka
,
T.
, and
Takaoki
,
T.
, 2001, “
Feasibility Study of Reducing Wave Load on Pontoon-Type Mega-Float Structure
,” ASME Paper No. OMAE2001/OSU-5011.
45.
Thiagarajan
,
K. P.
, and
Morris-Thomas
,
M. T.
, 2006, “
Wave-Induced Motions of an Air Cushion in Shallow Water
,”
Ocean Eng.
0029-8018,
33
(
8–9
), pp.
1143
–
1160
.
46.
Qi
,
X. -Y.
, 1994, “
Experimental Study on Behaviour of an Open Bottom Floating Platform in Wave, Wind and Current
,”
Proceedings of the Fourth International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference
, Osaka, Japan, pp.
334
–
337
.
47.
Pinkster
,
J. A.
, 1997, “
The Effect of Air-Cushions Under Floating Offshore Structures
,”
Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on the Behavior of Offshore Structure
, Delf, The Netherlands, 2, pp.
143
–
158
.
48.
Lee
,
S. -M.
, and
Takaki
,
M.
, 2003, “
Interaction Effect of Hydrodynamic Forces on a VLFS With Submerged-Plate
,”
Transactions of the West-Japan Society of Naval Architects
,
106
, pp.
77
–
87
.
49.
Pinkster
,
J. A.
, and
Meevers Scholte
,
E. J. A.
, 2001, “
The Behavior of a Large Air-Supported Mob at Sea
,”
Mar. Struct.
0951-8339,
14
, pp.
163
–
179
.
Crossref
Search ADS
 
50.
Van Kessel
,
J. L. F.
, and
Pinkster
,
J. A.
, 2007, “
The Effect of Aircushion Division on the Motions of Large Floating Structures
,” ASME Paper No. OMAE2007-29512.
51.
Van Kessel
,
J. L. F.
, and
Pinkster
,
J. A.
, 2007, “
Wave-Induced Structural Loads on Different Types of Aircushion Supported Structures
,”
Proceedings of the 17th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference
, Lisbon, Portugal, pp.
3794
–
3801
.
52.
Van Kessel
,
J. L. F.
, 2008, “
Numerical and Experimental Study on Aircushion Supported Structures
,” ASME Paper No. OMAE2008-57884.
53.
Ikoma
,
T.
,
Kobayashi
,
M.
,
Masuda
,
K.
,
Rheem
,
C. -K.
, and
Maeda
,
H.
, 2008, “
A Prediction Method of Hydroelastic Motion of Aircushion Type Floating Structures Considering With Draft Effect Into Hydrodynamic Forces
,” ASME Paper No. OMAE2008-57189.
54.
Ikoma
,
T.
,
Masuda
,
K.
,
Rheem
,
C. -K.
,
Maeda
,
H.
, and
Togane
,
M.
, 2009, “
Hydroelastic Motion of Aircushion Type Large Floating Structures With Several Aircushions Using a Three-Dimensional Theory
,” ASME Paper No. OMAE2009-79292.
55.
Takaki
,
M.
,
Fujikubo
,
M.
,
Higo
,
Y.
,
Hamada
,
K.
,
Kobayashi
,
M.
,
Nakagawa
,
H.
,
Morishita
,
S.
,
Ando
,
K.
, and
Tanigami
,
A.
, 2001, “
A New Type VLFS Using Submerged Plates: Sub-Plate VLFS. Part 1 Basic Concept of System
,” ASME Paper No. OMAE2001/OSU-5017.
56.
Kanda
,
M.
,
Nakagawa
,
H.
,
Kobayashi
,
M.
,
Takaki
,
M.
,
Iwashita
,
H.
,
Higo
,
Y.
, and
Imai
,
Y.
, 2001, “
A New Type VLFS Using Submerged Plates: Sub-Plate VLFS. Part 2 Motion and Mooring of Floating Breakwater
,”
Proceedings of the ASME 20th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering
, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
57.
Fujikubo
,
M.
,
Yanagihara
,
D.
,
Kitamura
,
M.
,
Yamamoto
,
M.
,
Iwashita
,
H.
,
Takaki
,
M.
,
Kanda
,
M.
,
Ando
,
K.
, and
Imai
,
Y.
, 2001, “
A New Type VLFS Using Submerged Plates: Sub-Plate VLFS. Part 3 Structural Response and Strength
,” ASME Paper No. OMAE2001/OSU-5019.
58.
Khabakhpasheva
,
T. I.
, and
Korobkin
,
A. A.
, 2002, “
Hydroelastic Behavior of Compound Floating Plate in Waves
,”
J. Eng. Math.
0022-0833,
44
(
1
), pp.
21
–
40
.
Crossref
Search ADS
 
59.
Kim
,
B. W.
,
Kyoung
,
J. H.
,
Hong
,
S. Y.
, and
Cho
,
S. K.
, 2005, “
Investigation of the Effect of Stiffness Distribution and Structure Shape on Hydroelastic Responses of Very Large Floating Structures
,”
Proceedings of the 15th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference
, Seoul, Korea, pp.
210
–
217
.
60.
Wang
,
C. M.
,
Riyansyah
,
M.
, and
Choo
,
Y. S.
, 2009, “
Reducing Hydroelastic Response of Interconnected Floating Beams Using Semi-Rigid Connections
,” ASME Paper No. OMAE2009-79692.
61.
Xia
,
D.
,
Kim
,
J. W.
, and
Cengiz Ertekin
,
R.
, 2000, “
On the Hydroelastic Behavior of Two-Dimensional Articulated Plates
,”
Mar. Structures
,
13
(
4–5
), pp.
261
–
278
.
62.
Fu
,
S.
,
Moan
,
T.
,
Chen
,
X.
, and
Cui
,
W.
, 2007, “
Hydroelastic Analysis of Flexible Floating Interconnected Structures
,”
Ocean Eng.
0029-8018,
34
(
11–12
), pp.
1516
–
1531
.
63.
Okada
,
S.
, 1998, “
Study on Edge Shape of Very Large Floating Structures to Reduce Motion
,”
J. Soc. Nav. Archit. Jpn.
0514-8499,
184
, pp.
263
–
269
.
64.
Damaren
,
C. J.
, 2007, “
Hydrodynamic Shape Optimization of Thin Floating Plates
,”
Ocean Eng.
0029-8018,
34
(
17–18
), pp.
2231
–
2239
.
65.
Takagi
,
K.
, and
Nagayasu
,
M.
, 2001, “
Hydroelastic Behavior of a Mat-Type Very Large Floating Structure of Arbitrary Geometry
,”
Proceedings of Oceans
, Honolulu, HI, Vol.
3
, pp.
1923
–
1929
.
66.
Kinnas Spyros
,
A.
,
Yu
,
Y. -H.
, and
Vimayan
,
V.
, 2006, “
Prediction of Flows Around FPSO Hull Sections in Roll Using an Unsteady Navier-Stokes Solver
,”
Proceedings of the 16th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference
, San Francisco, CA, pp.
384
–
393
.
67.
Hsueh
,
W. -J.
, 1998, “
Vibration Reduction of Main Hulls Using Semiactive Absorbers
,”
J. Mar. Sci. Technol.
0948-4280,
3
(
1
), pp.
50
–
60
.
Crossref
Search ADS
 
Copyright © 2010
 by American Society of Mechanical Engineers
You do not currently have access to this content.