A method is presented for formulating and numerically integrating ordinary differential equations (ODEs) of motion for holonomically constrained multibody systems. Tangent space coordinates are defined as independent generalized coordinates that serve as state variables in the formulation, yielding ODEs of motion. Orthogonal dependent coordinates are used to enforce kinematic constraints at position, velocity, and acceleration levels. Criteria that assure accuracy of constraint satisfaction and well conditioning of the reduced mass matrix in the equations of motion are used as the basis for redefining local coordinates on the constraint manifold, as needed, transparent to the user and at minimal computational cost. The formulation is developed for holonomically constrained multibody models that are based on essentially any form of generalized coordinates. A spinning top with Euler parameter orientation coordinates is used as a model problem to analytically reduce Euler's equations of motion to ODEs. Numerical results using a fourth-order Nystrom integrator verify that accurate results are obtained, satisfying position, velocity, and acceleration constraints to computer precision. A computational algorithm for implementing the approach with state-of-the-art explicit numerical integrators is presented and used in solution of three examples, one planar and two spatial. Performance of the method in satisfying all three forms of kinematic constraint, based on error tolerances embedded in the formulation, is verified.
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June 2016
Research-Article
An Ordinary Differential Equation Formulation for Multibody Dynamics: Holonomic Constraints
Edward J. Haug
Edward J. Haug
Carver Distinguished Professor Emeritus
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
The University of Iowa,
Iowa City, IA 52242
e-mail: echaug@gmail.com
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
The University of Iowa,
Iowa City, IA 52242
e-mail: echaug@gmail.com
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Edward J. Haug
Carver Distinguished Professor Emeritus
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
The University of Iowa,
Iowa City, IA 52242
e-mail: echaug@gmail.com
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
The University of Iowa,
Iowa City, IA 52242
e-mail: echaug@gmail.com
Contributed by the Computers and Information Division of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IN ENGINEERING. Manuscript received November 6, 2015; final manuscript received March 15, 2016; published online May 3, 2016. Editor: Bahram Ravani.
J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng. Jun 2016, 16(2): 021007 (13 pages)
Published Online: May 3, 2016
Article history
Received:
November 6, 2015
Revised:
March 15, 2016
Citation
Haug, E. J. (May 3, 2016). "An Ordinary Differential Equation Formulation for Multibody Dynamics: Holonomic Constraints." ASME. J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng. June 2016; 16(2): 021007. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4033237
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