Dimples used as sub-boundary layer vortex generators have been shown to reduce wake size at large angles of incidence. The effect these dimples have on wingtip vortices with an endplate is measured via laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) on an inverted Tyrrell026 airfoil (ReC = 0.5 × 105 and chord = 0.075 m) in ground effect in order to determine the flow characteristics for this configuration and to see if previous measurements were performed in a thinner part of the wake due to any potential wake waviness. The strength of the wingtip vortex for the dimpled wing is 10% higher than the “clean” wing immediately downstream. The clean wing has large region of high turbulence throughout the wake, and the dimples reduce this by 50%. The net result is that dimples drastically improve the flow in the wake of the wing and endplate.
Issue Section:
Fundamental Issues and Canonical Flows
References
1.
Michelis
, T.
, and Kotsonis
, M.
, 2015
“Flow Control on a Transport Truck Side Mirror Using Plasma Actuators
,” ASME J. Fluids Eng.
, 137
(11
), p. 111103
.2.
Metka
, M.
, and Gregory
, J. W.
, 2015
, “Drag Reduction on the 25-Deg Ahmed Model Using Fluidic Oscillators
,” ASME J. Fluids Eng.
, 137
(5
), p. 051108
.3.
Chaligne
, S.
, Castelain
, T.
, Michard
, M.
, and Juve
, D.
, 2013
, “Active Control of the Flow Behind a Two-Dimensional Bluff Body in Ground Proximity
,” C. R. Mec.
, 341
(3
), pp. 289
–297
.4.
Han
, X.
, Krajnovic
, S.
, and Basara
, B.
, 2013
, “Study of Active Flow Control for a Simplified Vehicle Model Using the PANS Method
,” Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow
, 42
, pp. 139
–150
.5.
Heinemann
, T.
, Springer
, M.
, Lienheart
, H.
, Kniesburges
, S.
, and Becker
, S.
, 2012
, “Active Flow Control on a 1:4 Car Model
,” 16th International Symposium of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics, Lisbon
, Portugal.6.
Lee
, T. T.
, and Choi
, S. S.
, 2015
, “Wingtip Vortex Control Via Tip-Mounted Half-Delta Wings of Different Geometric Configurations
,” ASME J. Fluids Eng.
, 137
(12
), p. 121105
.7.
Mimeau
, C.
, Mortazavi
, I.
, and Cottet
, G.-H.
, 2014
, “Passive Flow Control Around a Semi-Circular Cylinder Using Porous Coatings
,” Int. J. Flow Control
, 6
(1
), pp. 43
–60
.8.
Krajnović
, S.
, 2014
, “Large Eddy Simulation Exploration of Passive Flow Control Around an Ahmed Body
,” ASME J. Fluids Eng.
, 136
(12
), p. 121103
.9.
Corsini
, A.
, Delibra
, G.
, and Sheard
, A. G.
, 2013
, “On the Role of Leading-Edge Bumps in the Control of Stall Onset in Axial Fan Blades
,” ASME J. Fluids Eng.
, 135
(8
), p. 081104
.10.
Beves
, C. C.
, Barber
, T. J.
, and Leonardi
, E.
, 2011
, “Flow Separation Suppression Using Dimples
,” Aeronaut. J.
, 115
(1168
), pp. 335
–344
.11.
Ailor
, W.
, and Eberle
, W.
, 1976
, “Configuration Effects on the Lift of a Body in Close Proximity to the Ground
,” J. Aircr.
, 13
(8
), pp. 584
–589
.12.
Standingford
, D. W. F.
, and Tuck
, E. O.
, 1996
, “Optimal Rectangular End Plates
,” J. Aircr.
, 33
(3
), pp. 623
–625
.13.
Moon
, Y. J.
, Oh
, H.-J.
, and Seo
, J.-H.
, 2004
, “Aerodynamic Investigation of Three-Dimensional Wings in Ground Effect for Aero-Levitation Electric Vehicle
,” J. Aerosp. Sci. Technol.
, 9
(6), pp. 485
–494
.14.
Zhang
, X.
, Senior
, A.
, and Ruhrmann
, A.
, 2004
, “Vortices Behind a Bluff Body With an Upswept Aft Section in Ground Effect
,” Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow
, 25
(1
), pp. 1
–9
.15.
Hemke
, P.
, 1928
, “Drag of Wings With End Plates
,” National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. Langley Aeronautical Lab, Langley Field, VA, NACA Technical Report No. TR-267
.16.
Devonport
, W. J.
, Rife
, M. C.
, Liapis
, S. I.
, and Follin
, G. J.
, 1996
, “The Structure and Development of a Wing-Tip Vortex
,” J. Fluid Mech.
, 312
, pp. 67
–106
.17.
Harvey
, J. K.
, and Perry
, F. J.
, 1971
, “Flow Field Produced by Trailing Vortices in the Vicinity of the Ground
,” AIAA J.
, 9
(8
), pp. 1659
–1660
.18.
Stewart
, J. N.
, Wang
, Q.
, Moseley
, R. P.
, Bearman
, P. W.
, and Harvey
, J. K.
, 1996
, “Measurement of Instantaneous Vortical Flows in a Low Speed Wind Tunnel Using Particle Image Velocimetry
,” 8th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics, Lisbon, Portugal
, Paper No. 18.5.19.
Zhang
, X.
, and Zerihan
, J.
, 2004
, “Edge Vortices of a Double Element Wing in Ground Effect
,” J. Aircr.
, 41
(5
), pp. 1127
–1137
.20.
Lambourne
, N. C.
, and Brye
, D. W.
, 1962
, “The Bursting of Leading Edge Vortices: Some Observations and Discussion of the Phenomenon
,” Aeronautical Research Council, London
, Report and Memoranda No. 3282.21.
Angele
, K. P.
, and Muhammad-Klingmannn
, B.
, 2005
, “The Effect of Streamwise Vortices on the Turbulence Structure of a Separating Boundary Layer
,” Eur. J. Mech. B/Fluids
, 24
(5
), pp. 539
–554
.22.
Klausmeyer
, S. M.
, 1996
, “A Flow Physics Study of Vortex Generators on a Multi-Element Airfoil
,” AIAA
Paper No. 1996-548. 23.
Lin
, J. C.
, 2002
, “Review of Research on Low Profile Vortex Generators to Control Boundary-Layer Separation
,” Prog. Aerosp. Sci.
, 38
, pp. 389
–420
.24.
Bunker
, R. S.
, and Donnellan
, K. F.
, 2003
, “Heat Transfer and Friction Factors for Flows Inside Circular Tubes With Concavity Surfaces
,” ASME
Paper No. GT2003-38053.25.
Ligrani
, P. M.
, and Harrison
, J. L.
, 2001
, “Flow Structure Due to Dimple Depressions on a Channel Surface
,” Phys. Fluids
, 13
(11
), pp. 3442
–3451
.26.
Ligrani
, P. M.
, Won
, S. Y.
, and Zhang
, Q.
, 2005
, “Comparisons of Flow Structure Above Dimpled Surface With Different Dimple Depths in a Channel
,” Phys. Fluids
, 17
(4), pp. 3442
–3452
.27.
Won
, S. Y.
, and Ligrani
, P. M.
, 2004
, “Numerical Predictions of Flow Structure and Local Nusselt Number Ratios Along and Above Dimpled Surfaces With Different Dimple Depths in a Channel
,” Numer. Heat Transfer, Part A
, 46
(6
), pp. 549
–570
.28.
Raffel
, M.
, Willert
, C.
, and Kompenhaus
, J.
, 1998
, Particle Image Velocimetry: A Practical Guide
, Springer
, New York
.29.
Albrecht
, H. E.
, Borys
, M.
, Damanshke
, N.
, and Tropea
, C.
, 2003
, Laser Doppler and Phase Doppler Measurement Techniques
, Springer
, New York
.30.
Diasinos
, S.
, Beves
, C.
, and Barber
, T. J.
, 2012
, “Alignment Technique for Three-Dimensional Laser Doppler Anemometry
,” Meas. Sci. Technol.
, 24
(1
), p. 017001.31.
Benedict
, L. H.
, and Gould
, R. D.
, 1996
, “Towards Better Uncertainty Estimates for Turbulence Statistics
,” Exp. Fluids
, 22
(2
), pp. 129
–136
.Copyright © 2017 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
