Manufacturing processes have to become more sustainable. For grinding processes, this means that tool wear and performance need to be critically evaluated in their economic, environmental, and social impact. Tool wear affects several stakeholders. Different wear mechanisms on the grit and bond level lead to a change in tool profile and sharpness. For the user, wear changes tool costs, process stability, and maybe worker safety. Tool manufacturers need tool wear to sell replacements, whereas tool users might not like the higher waste and costs from tool wear but need tool self-sharpening.
Issue Section:
Review Article
References
1.
Haapala
, K. R.
, Zhao
, F.
, Camelio
, J.
, Sutherland
, J. W.
, Skerlos
, S. J.
, Dornfeld
, D. A.
, Jawahir
, I. S.
, Clarens
, A. F.
, and Rickli
, J. L.
, 2013
, “A Review of Engineering Research in Sustainable Manufacturing
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
, 135
(4
), p. 041013
.2.
Marinescu
, I. D.
, Hitchiner
, M.
, Uhlmann
, E.
, Rowe
, W. B.
, and Inasaki
, I.
, 2007
, Handbook of Machining With Grinding Wheels
, CRC
, Boca Raton, FL.3.
Klocke
, F.
, 2009
, Manufacturing Processes 2—Grinding
, Honing, Lapping, CRC, Boca Raton, FL.4.
Oliveira
, J. F. G.
, Silva
, E. J.
, Guo
, C.
, and Hashimoto
, F.
, 2009
, “Industrial Challenges in Grinding
,” CIRP Ann. – Manuf. Technol.
, 58
(2
), pp. 663
–680
.5.
Aurich
, J. C.
, Linke
, B.
, Hauschild
, M.
, Carrella
, M.
, and Kirsch
, B.
, 2013
, “Sustainability of Abrasive Processes
,” CIRP Ann. – Manuf. Technol.
, 62
(2
), pp. 653
–672
.6.
Linke
, B. S.
, Corman
, G. J.
, Dornfeld
, D. A.
, and Tönissen
, S.
, 2013
, “Sustainability Indicators for Discrete Manufacturing Processes Applied to Grinding Technology
,” J. Manuf. Syst.
, 32
(4
), pp. 556
–563
.7.
Kellens
, K.
, Dewulf
, W.
, Overcash
, M.
, Hauschild
, M.
, and Duflou
, J.
, 2012
, “Methodology for Systematic Analysis and Improvement of Manufacturing Unit Process Life-Cycle Inventory (UPLCI)—CO2PE! Initiative (Cooperative Effort on Process Emissions in Manufacturing). Part 1: Methodology Description
,” Int. J. Life Cycle Assess
., 17
(1
), pp. 69
–78
.8.
Linke
, B.
, 2013
, “Sustainability Indicators for Grinding Applied to Dressing Strategies
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
, 135
(5
), p. 054502
.9.
Jayal
, A. D.
, Badurdeen
, F.
, Dillon
, O. W.
, Jr., and Jawahir
, I. S.
, 2010
, “Sustainable Manufacturing: Modeling and Optimization Challenges at the Product, Process and System Levels
,” CIRP J. Manuf. Sci. Technol.
, 2
(3
), pp. 144
–152
.10.
Singh
, R. K.
, Murty
, H. R.
, Gupta
, S. K.
, and Dikshit
, A. K.
, 2012
, “An Overview of Sustainability Assessment Methodologies
,” Ecol. Indic.
, 15
(1
), pp. 281
–299
.11.
Joung
, C. B.
, Carrell
, J.
, Sarkar
, P.
, and Feng
, S. C.
, 2012
, “Categorization of Indicators for Sustainable Manufacturing
,” Ecol. Indic.
, 24
(2012
), pp. 148
–157
.12.
Krajnc
, D.
, and Glavič
, P.
, 2003
, “Indicators of Sustainable Production
,” Clean Technol. Environ. Policy
, 5
(3–4
), pp. 279
–288
.13.
Zhang
, H.
, and Haapala
, K. R.
, 2014
, “Integrating Sustainable Manufacturing Assessment Into Decision Making for a Production Work Cell
,” J. Cleaner Prod.
(in press).14.
Malkin
, S.
, 1968
, “The Attritious and Fracture Wear of Grinding Wheels
,” Ph.D. thesis, MIT, Cambridge, MA.15.
Csillag, F., 2012, Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Saint-Gobain Grinding Research Symposium, Saint-Gobain's R&D Center, Northborough, MA, Nov 8.
16.
Brinksmeier
, E.
, Aurich
, J. C.
, Govekar
, E.
, Heinzel
, C.
, Hoffmeister
, H. W.
, Klocke
, F.
, Peters
, J.
, Rentsch
, R.
, Stephenson
, D. J.
, Uhlmann
, E.
, Weinert
, K.
, and Wittmann
, M.
, 2006
, “Advances in Modeling and Simulation of Grinding Processes
,” CIRP Ann.-Manuf. Technol.
, 55
(2
), pp. 667
–696
.17.
Tönshoff
, H. K.
, Peters
, J.
, Inasaki
, I.
, and Paul
, T.
, 1992
, “Modeling and Simulation of Grinding Processes
,” CIRP Ann.-Manuf. Technol.
, 41
(2
), pp. 677
–688
.18.
Bold
, L.
, 2002
, Galvanische Werkzeuge—Ein Leitfaden
, S.-G.
Abrasives
, ed., SAINT-GOBAIN Winter Diamantwerkzeuge GmbH & Co. KG, Norderstedt.19.
Mihić
, S. D.
, Cioc
, S.
, Marinescu
, I. D.
, and Weismiller
, M. C.
, 2013
, “Detailed Study of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in the Abrasive Grinding Contact Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Methods
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
, 135
(4
), p. 041002
.20.
Yao
, P.
, Gong
, Y.
, Matsuda
, T.
, Zhou
, T.
, Yan
, J.
, and Kuriyagawa
, T.
, 2012
, “Investigation of Wheel Wear Mechanisms During Grinding Optical Glasses Through Statistical Analysis of Wheel Topography
,” Int. J. Abras. Technol.
, 5
(1
), pp. 33
–47
.21.
Bierlich
, R.
, 1976
, “Technologische Voraussetzungen zum Aufbau eines Adaptiven Regelungssystems
,” Ph.D. thesis, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.22.
Jackson
, M. J.
, and Davim
, J. P.
, 2011
, Machining With Abrasives
, Springer
, New York/Dordrecht Heidelberg/ London.23.
Klocke
, F.
, Engelhorn
, R.
, Mayer
, J.
, and Weirich
, T.
, 2002
, “Micro-Analysis of the Contact Zone of Tribologically Loaded Second-Phase Reinforced Sol-Gel-Abrasives
,” CIRP Ann.-Manuf. Technol.
, 51
(1
), pp. 245
–250
.24.
Mayer
, J.
, Engelhorn
, R.
, Bot
, R.
, Weirich
, T.
, Herwartz
, C.
, and Klocke
, F.
, 2006
, “Wear Characteristics of Second-Phase-Reinforced Sol–Gel Corundum Abrasives
,” Acta Mater.
, 54
(13
), pp. 3605
–3615
.25.
Nadolny
, K.
, 2014
, “Wear Phenomena of Grinding Wheels With Sol–Gel Alumina Abrasive Grains and Glass–Ceramic Vitrified Bond During Internal Cylindrical Traverse Grinding of 100Cr6 Steel
,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
pp. 1
–16
.26.
Paucksch
, E.
, Holsten
, S.
, Linß
, M.
, and Tikal
, F.
, 2008
, Zerspantechnik, Prozesse, Werkzeuge, Technologien
, Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden.27.
Ludewig
, T.
, 1994
, “Auswahlkriterien für SiC- und Korundschleifkorntypen beim Schleifen von Stählen
,” Ph.D. thesis, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.28.
Hollemann
, A. F.
, and Wiberg
, E.
, 1995
, Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie
, Walter der Gruyter
, Berlin
, Germany.29.
Komanduri
, R.
, and Shaw
, M. C.
, 1976
, “On the Diffusion Wear of Diamond in Grinding Pure Iron
,” Philos. Mag.
, 34
(2
), pp. 195
–204
.30.
Field
, J. E.
, 1979
, The Properties of Diamond
, Academic
, London
.31.
Müller
, N.
, 2001
, “Ermittlung des Einsatzverhaltens von Sol-Gel-Korund-Schleifscheiben
,” Ph.D. thesis, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.32.
Uhlmann
, E. G.
, and Stark
, C.
, 1997
, “Potentiale von Schleifwerkzeugen mit mikrokristalliner Aluminiumoxidkörnung
,” Jahrbuch Schleifen, Honen, Läppen und Polieren
, Vulkan-Verlag, Essen, pp. 281
–309
.33.
Badger
, J.
, 2012
, “Microfracturing Ceramic Abrasives in Grinding
,” ASME
Paper No. MSEC2012-7324.34.
Himmel
, T.
, Bettles
, C. J.
, and Swain
, M. V.
, 1990
, “Crushing Strength of Diamond Grits
,” J. Hard Mater.
, 1
(2
), pp. 103
–121
.35.
Benea
, I. C.
, and Griffin
, S.
, 2003
, “Mechanical Strength and Fracture Characteristics of Micron Diamond
,” Ind. Diamond Rev.
, 3
, pp. 53
–60
.36.
Brunton
, J. H.
, “Fracture Propagation in Diamond
,” First International Congress on Diamonds in Industry
, pp. 329
–341
.37.
Borkowski
, J. A.
, and Szymanski
, A. M.
, 1992
, Uses of Abrasives and Abrasive Tools
, Ellis Horwood Limited and PWN Polish Scientific Publishers, Chichester
.38.
Stetiu
, G.
, and Lal
, G. K.
, 1974
, “Wear of Grinding Wheels
,” Wear
, 30
(2
), pp. 229
–236
.39.
Yoshikawa
, H.
, and Sata
, T.
, 1963
, “Study of Wear of Grinding Wheels—1 Bond Facture in Grinding Wheels
,” J. Eng. Ind.
, 85(1), pp. 39
–42
.40.
Lauer-Schmaltz
, H.
, and König
, W.
, 1980
, “Phenomenon of Wheel Loading Mechanisms in Grinding
,” CIRP Ann.-Manuf. Technol.
, 29
(1
), pp. 201
–206
.41.
Pai
, D. M.
, Ratterman
, E.
, and Shaw
, M. C.
, 1989
, “Grinding Swarf
,” Wear
, 131
(2
), pp. 329
–339
.42.
Nagaraj
, A. P.
, and Chattopadhyay
, A. K.
, 1989
, “On Some Aspects of Wheel Loading
,” Wear
, 135
(1
), pp. 41
–52
.43.
Adibi
, H.
, Rezaei
, S. M.
, and Sarhan
, A. D.
, 2013
, “Analytical Modeling of Grinding Wheel Loading Phenomena
,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
, 68
(1–4
), pp. 473
–485
.44.
Dornfeld
, D.
, and Cai
, H. G.
, 1984
, “An Investigation of Grinding and Wheel Loading Using Acoustic Emission
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
, 106
(1
), pp. 28
–33
.45.
Adibi
, H.
, Rezaei
, S. M.
, and Sarhan
, A. A. D.
, 2013
, “Grinding Wheel Loading Evaluation Using Digital Image Processing
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
, 136
(1
), p. 011012
.46.
Malkin
, S.
, and Guo
, C.
, 2008
, Grinding Technology: Theory and Application of Machining With Abrasives
, Industrial Press
, New York.47.
Buttery
, T. C.
, Statham
, A.
, and Percival
, J. B.
, 1979
, “Some Effects of Dressing on Grinding Performance
,” Wear
, 55
(2), pp. 195
–219
.48.
Badger
, J.
, 2009
, “Factors Affecting Wheel Collapse in Grinding
,” CIRP Ann.-Manuf. Technol.
, 58
(1
), pp. 307
–310
.49.
Malkin
, S.
, and Cook
, N. H.
, 1971
, “The Wear of Grinding Wheels, Part 2—Fracture Wear
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
, 93
(4
), pp. 1129
–1133
.50.
Malkin
, S.
, and Cook
, N. H.
, 1971
, “The Wear of Grinding Wheels, Part 1—Attritious Wear
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
, 93
(4
), pp. 1120
–1128
.51.
Li
, H.
, and Shin
, Y. C.
, 2005
, “Wheel Regenerative Chatter of Surface Grinding
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
, 128
(2
), pp. 393
–403
.52.
Dornfeld
, D.
, and Lee
, D.-E.
, 2008
, Precision Manufacturing
, Springer
, New York.53.
Inasaki
, I.
, 1998
, “Challenges to Advanced Machining Technology
,” Springer Professor Lecture Notes
, University of California-Berkeley, Mechanical Engineering Department
, Berkeley, CA.54.
Bailey
, M. W.
, Juchem
, H. O.
, Cook
, M. W.
, Collins
, J. L.
, and Butler-Smith
, P.
, 2002
, “The Importance of PCD/Diamond/CVD Diamond and PCBN/CBN Tooling in the Automotive Industry
,” Ind. Diamond Rev.
, 1
, pp. 53
–60
.55.
Rowe
, W. B.
, 2009
, Principles of Modern Grinding Technology
, William Andrew
, Oxford, UK.56.
Holz
, R.
, and Sauren
, J.
, 1988
, Schleiftechnisches Handbuch: Schleifen mit Diamant und CBN
, Ernst Winter & Sohn (GmbH & Co)
, Hamburg
.57.
Shi
, Z.
, and Malkin
, S.
, 2005
, “Wear of Electroplated CBN Grinding Wheels
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
, 128
(1
), pp. 110
–118
.58.
Guo
, C.
, Shi
, Z.
, Attia
, H.
, and McIntosh
, D.
, 2007
, “Power and Wheel Wear for Grinding Nickel Alloy With Plated CBN Wheels
,” CIRP Ann.-Manuf. Technol.
, 56
(1
), pp. 343
–346
.59.
Miao
, Q.
, Ding
, W. F.
, Xu
, J. H.
, Yang
, C. Y.
, and Fu
, Y. C.
, 2013
, “Fractal Analysis of Wear Topography of Brazed Polycrystalline CBN Abrasive Grains During Grinding Nickel Super Alloy
,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
, 68
(9–12
), pp. 2229
–2236
.60.
Werner
, G.
, 1973
, Konzept und Technologische Grundlagen zur adaptiven Prozessoptimierung des Aussenrundschleifens
, Habilitation thesis, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.61.
Weinert
, K.
, 1976
, “Die zeitliche Änderung des Schleifscheibenzustandes beim Außenrund-Einstechschleifen
,” Ph.D. thesis, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.62.
Denkena
, B.
, Turger
, A.
, Behrens
, L.
, and Krawczyk
, T.
, 2012
, “Five-Axis-Grinding With Toric Tools: A Status Review
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
, 134
(5
), p. 054001
.63.
Kumar
, K. V.
, Cozminca
, M.
, Tanaka
, Y.
, and Shaw
, M. C.
, 1980
, “A New Method of Studying the Performance of Grinding Wheels
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
, 102
(1
), pp. 80
–84
.64.
Karpuschewski
, B.
, 2001
, Sensoren zur Prozessüberwachung beim Spanen
, Habilitation thesis, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
.65.
Roth
, J. T.
, Djurdjanovic
, D.
, Yang
, X.
, Mears
, L.
, and Kurfess
, T.
, 2010
, “Quality and Inspection of Machining Operations: Tool Condition Monitoring
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
, 132
(4
), p. 041015
.66.
Karpuschewski
, B.
, and Inasaki
, I.
, 2006
, “Monitoring Systems for Grinding Processes
,” Condition Monitoring and Control for Intelligent Manufacturing
, L.
Wang
, and R.
Gao
, eds., Springer
, London
, pp. 83
–107
.67.
Tönshoff
, H. K.
, Friemuth
, T.
, and Becker
, J. C.
, 2002
, “Process Monitoring in Grinding
,” CIRP Ann.-Manuf. Technol.
, 51
(2
), pp. 551
–571
.68.
Denkena
, B.
, Ortmaier
, T.
, Ahrens
, M.
, and Fischer
, R.
, 2014
, “Monitoring of Grinding Wheel Defects Using Recursive Estimation
,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
, 75
(5–8
), pp. 1005
–1015
.69.
Triggs
, D.
, 2012
, White Paper: Grinding: Severe Risks
, New Solutions
, Equipois, http://www.equipoisinc.com/application/grinding/70.
Carter
, L.
, Wales
, C.
, Varley
, I.
, and Telfer
, M.
, 2008
, “Penetrating Facial Injury From Angle Grinder Use: Management and Prevention
,” Head Face Med.
, 4
(1
), pp. 1
–5.71.
HSMO Department of Trade and Industry
, “24th (Final) Report of the Home and Leisure Accident Surveillance System. 2000, 2001 and 2002 data. 2003
,” Report No. DTI/Pub 7060/3k/2012/03/NP URN 03/32.72.
de Araujo
, J.
, and de Oliveira
, J.
, 2012
, “Evaluation of Two Competing Machining Processes Based on Sustainability Indicators
,” Leveraging Technology for a Sustainable World
, D. A.
Dornfeld
, and B. S.
Linke
, eds., Springer
, Berlin, Heidelberg
, pp. 317
–322
.73.
DIN
, 2011
, Sicherheitsanforderungen für Schleifwerkzeuge mit Diamant oder Bornitrid
, Beuth Verlag, Berlin
.74.
Münnich
, H.
, 1956
, “Beitrag zur Sicherheit von umlaufenden Schleifkörpern
,” Ph.D. thesis, University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany.75.
Behrens
, B.-A.
, and Kammler
, M.
, 2007
, “Calculation of the Bursting Speed of One Side Recessed Grinding Wheels
,” Prod. Eng. Res. Dev.
, 1
(2
), pp. 213
–218
.76.
United Abrasives, Inc., 2009, “Material Safety Data Sheet Diamond Wheels”, IH&SC Inc., Shelton, CT, revised Nov. 30, 2009.
77.
Knight
, A.
, 1822
, Observations on the Grinder's Asthma
, U. O.
London
, ed., Goldsmiths' Library
, Printed, and published by order of the Committee, by J. Montgomery, Sheffield.78.
Vereinigung der Metall-Berufsgenossenschaften, Maschinenbau- und Metall-Berufsgenossenschaft, Hütten- und Walzwerks- Berufsgenossenschaft, Berufsgenossenschaft Metall Nord Süd, 2010, “BG-Information Schleifer BGI 543,” print 09.2010/3.900.
79.
Linke
, B. S.
, 2014
, “Sustainability Concerns in the Life Cycle of Bonded Grinding Tools
,” CIRP J. Manuf. Sci. Technol.
, 7
(3
), pp. 258
–263
.80.
Linke
, B.
, 2007
, “Wirkmechanismen beim Abrichten keramisch gebundener Schleifscheiben
,” Ph.D. thesis, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.81.
Zeppenfeld
, C.
, 2005
, “Schnellhubschleifen von γ-Titanaluminiden
,” Ph.D. thesis, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.82.
Liedtke
, S.
, 1999
, “Schleifschlammentölung und Qualitätskontrolle der zurückgewonnenen Kühlschmierstoffe
,” Ph.D. thesis, Braunschweig University of Technology, Braunschweig, Germany.83.
Rehbein
, W.
, 2012
, “Cobaltaufnahme in nichtwassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffen
,” http://www.oelheld.de/fileadmin/content/pages/Innovation/pdf-Wissenschaftliche_Berichte/Cobaltaufnahme.pdf84.
Helletsberger
, H.
, 2005
, “Grindology Papers G3 Schleifverhaeltnis/G-Faktor
,” Grindology College of Tyrolit Schleifmittelwerke Swarovski K. G.85.
Alden
, G. I.
, 1914
, “Operation of Grinding Wheels in Machine Grinding
,” ASME Trans.
36
, pp. 451
–460
.86.
Decneut
, A.
, Peters
, J.
, and Snoeys
, R.
, 1974
, “The Significance of Chip Thickness in Grinding
,” CIRP Ann.
, 23
(2
), pp. 227
–237
.87.
Pawłowski
, W.
, 2013
, “Dynamic Model of Oscillation-Assisted Cylindrical Plunge Grinding With Chatter
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
, 135
(5
), p. 051010
.88.
Hwang
, T. W.
, Evans
, C. J.
, Whitenton
, E. P.
, and Malkin
, S.
, 2000
, “High Speed Grinding of Silicon Nitride With Electroplated Diamond Wheels, Part 1: Wear and Wheel Life
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
, 122
(1
), pp. 32
–41
.89.
Yu
, T. B.
, Ashraf
, F.
, and Chandra
, A.
, 2014
, “Experimental Characterization of Electroplated CBN Grinding Wheel Wear: Topology Evolution and Interfacial Toughness
,” ASME
Paper No. MSEC2014-3961.90.
Giridharan
, T.
, Dix
, R. C.
, and Nair
, S.
, 1986
, “Wheel-Wear Compensation for Numerical Form Grinding
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
, 108
(1
), pp. 16
–21
.91.
Association
, U. A. M.
, 2012
, “Introduction to Abrasives, Abrasives Information
,” http://www.uama.org/92.
Ashby
, M. F.
, 2009
, Materials and the Environment: Eco-Informed Material Choice
, Butterworth-Heinemann
, Waltham, MA.93.
Behrens
, B.-A.
, Kammler
, M.
, and Lange
, F.
, 2011
, Schleifkörper mit Zusatzpartikeln aus recycelten Schleifkörpern und Verfahren zur Herstellung hiervon
, U.
Hanover
, ed., Patent No. WO2011/092021A1.94.
Buljan
, S.-T.
, Eagar
, W. T.
, Miller
, J. B.
, and Shiue
, R.-K.
, 1999
, Removable Bond for Abrasive Tool
, N.
Company
, ed., Patent No. EP0921907 A1.95.
Gebhardt
, H.
, and Macht
, W.
, 1999
, “Innovatives Nickel-Ablöseverfahren für Diamantwerkzeuge
,” Industrie Diamanten Rundschau
, 33
(1
), p. 78
.96.
Abrasives
, S.-G.
, 2011
, Recycle Used Diamond Dressing Rolls
, S.-G.
Abrasives
, ed., Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc., Worcester, MA.97.
Helu
, M.
, Vijayaraghavan
, A.
, and Dornfeld
, D.
, 2011
, “Evaluating the Relationship Between Use Phase Environmental Impacts and Manufacturing Process Precision
,” CIRP Ann.-Manuf. Technol.
, 60
(1
), pp. 49
–52
.98.
Li
, K.-M.
, Hu
, Y.-M.
, Yang
, Z.-Y.
, and Chen
, M.-Y.
, 2012
, “Experimental Study on Vibration-Assisted Grinding
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
, 134
(4
), p. 041009
.99.
Yang
, Z.
, and Yu
, Z.
, 2012
, “Grinding Wheel Wear Monitoring Based on Wavelet Analysis and Support Vector Machine
,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
, 62
(1–4
), pp. 107
–121
.100.
Arriandiaga
, A.
, Portillo
, E.
, Sánchez
, J.
, Cabanes
, I.
, and Pombo
, I.
, 2014
, “Virtual Sensors for On-Line Wheel Wear and Part Roughness Measurement in the Grinding Process
,” Sensors
, 14
(5
), pp. 8756
–8778
.101.
Li
, W.
, Winter
, M.
, Kara
, S.
, and Herrmann
, C.
, 2012
, “Eco-Efficiency of Manufacturing Processes: A Grinding Case
,” CIRP Ann.-Manuf. Technol.
, 61
(1
), pp. 59
–62
.102.
Peklenik
, J.
, 1958
, “Untersuchungen über das Verschleißkriterium beim Schleifen
,” Industrie-Anzeiger Essen
, No. 27, pp. 397
–401
.103.
Backer
, W. R.
, and Krabacher
, E. J.
, 1956
, “New Techniques in Metal-Cutting Research
,” Trans. ASME
, 78
, pp. 1497
–1505
.104.
König
, W.
, and Messer
, J.
, 1981
, “Influence of the Composition and Structure of Steels on Grinding Process
,” CIRP Ann.-Manuf. Technol.
, 30
(2
), pp. 547
–552
.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.