Constitutive Modeling of Ratchetting Effects—Part II: Possibilities of Some Additional Kinematic Rules

The modeling possibilities of several linear and nonlinear-kinematic hardening rules are studied in detail in the particular case of tension-compression and in the framework of time-independent plasticity. The main difficulty is to reduce the predicted ratchetting without disturbing the tensile plastic flow. Among several modifications, the model proposed by Rousselier offers the best compromise. Incorporating the strain memory effect allows the correct description of many experimental facts observed on type 316 stainless steels.