Drop weight impact tests and numerical simulations have been performed to examine the plastic behavior and failure of clamped rectangular cross section tubes subjected to transverse loads. The selected indenter is a hemisphere with diameter of 20 mm. The tube lengths are 125 and 250 mm, and they are struck at the midspan and the quarter-span. The impact point along the width direction is located at the central position and displaced 10 mm from the center, respectively. The results show that the impact location affects strongly the plastic behavior and failure of the tubes. The impact location displaced along the width increases the energy absorbing capability of the tubes accompanied with an asymmetrical deformation mode. The experimentally recorded force–displacement responses and failure modes show good agreement with the numerical simulations, performed by the LS-DYNA finite-element code. The numerical results show the process of crack initiation and propagation and provide the details to analyze the structural plastic deformation and failure of the tubular specimens under transverse loads. The impact characteristics of the rectangular tubes are well presented based on the relevant failure modes observed in beams, plates, and circular tubes. Moreover, the influence of the impact location on the strength of tube specimens is characterized, and the collapse mechanism of rectangular tubes is described.
Issue Section:
Structures and Safety Reliability
References
1.
Liu
, B.
, and Guedes Soares
, C.
, 2015
, “Plastic Response and Failure of Rectangular Cross-Section Tubes Subjected to Transverse Quasi-Static and Low-Velocity Impact Loads
,” Int. J. Mech. Sci.
, 90
, pp. 213
–227
.2.
Jones
, N.
, 1971
, “A Theoretical Study of the Dynamic Plastic Behaviour of Beams and Plates With Finite-Deflections
,” Int. J. Solids Struct.
, 7
(8
), pp. 1007
–1029
.3.
Menkes
, S. B.
, and Opat
, H. J.
, 1973
, “Broken Beams
,” J. Exp. Mech.
, 13
(11
), pp. 480
–486
.4.
Liu
, J.
, and Jones
, N.
, 1987
, “Experimental Investigation of Clamped Beams Struck Transversely by a Mass
,” Int. J. Impact Eng.
, 6
(4
), pp. 305
–335
.5.
Yu
, J.
, and Jones
, N.
, 1989
, “Numerical Simulation of a Clamped Beam Under Impact Loading
,” Comput. Struct.
, 32
(2
), pp. 281
–293
.6.
Yu
, J.
, and Jones
, N.
, 1997
, “Numerical Simulation of Impact Loaded Steel Beams and the Failure Criteria
,” Int. J. Solids Struct.
, 34
(30
), pp. 3977
–4004
.7.
Shen
, W. Q.
, Rieve
, N. O.
, and Baharun
, B.
, 2002
, “A Study on the Failure of Circular Plates Struck by Masses. Part 1: Experimental Results
,” Int. J. Impact Eng.
, 27
(4
), pp. 399
–412
.8.
Shen
, W. Q.
, 2002
, “A Study on the Failure of Circular Plates Struck by Masses. Part 2: Theoretical Analysis for the Onset of Failure
,” Int. J. Impact Eng.
, 27
(4
), pp. 413
–432
.9.
Simonsen
, B. C.
, and Lauridsen
, L. P.
, 2000
, “Energy Absorption and Ductile Failure in Metal Sheets Under Lateral Indentation by a Sphere
,” Int. J. Impact Eng.
, 24
(10
), pp. 1017
–1039
.10.
Ehlers
, S.
, 2010
, “Strain and Stress Relation Until Fracture for Finite Element Simulations of a Thin Circular Plate
,” Thin Walled Struct.
, 48
(1
), pp. 1
–8
.11.
Liu
, B.
, Villavicencio
, R.
, and Guedes Soares
, C.
, 2013
, “Experimental and Numerical Plastic Response and Failure of Pre-Notched Transversely Impacted Beams
,” Int. J. Mech. Sci.
, 77
, pp. 314
–332
.12.
Liu
, B.
, Villavicencio
, R.
, and Guedes Soares
, C.
, 2013
, “Experimental and Numerical Plastic Response and Failure of Laterally Impacted Rectangular Plates
,” ASME J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng.
, 135
(4
), p. 041602
.13.
Liu
, B.
, Villavicencio
, R.
, and Guedes Soares
, C.
, 2014
, “On the Failure Criterion of Aluminum and Steel Plates Subjected to Low-Velocity Impact by a Spherical Indenter
,” Int. J. Mech. Sci.
, 80
, pp. 1
–15
.14.
Liu
, B.
, Villavicencio
, R.
, and Guedes Soares
, C.
, 2015
, “Shear and Tensile Failure of Thin Aluminum Plates Struck by Cylindrical and Spherical Indenters
,” Ships Offshore Struct.
, 10
(1
), pp. 45
–58
.15.
Alsos
, H. S.
, and Amdahl
, J.
, 2009
, “On the Resistance of Stiffened Plates, Part I: Experiments
,” Int. J. Impact Eng.
, 36
(6
), pp. 799
–807
.16.
Alsos
, H. S.
, Amdahl
, J.
, and Hopperstad
, O.
, 2009
, “On the Resistance of Stiffened Plates, Part II: Numerical Analysis
,” Int. J. Impact Eng.
, 36
(7
), pp. 875
–887
.17.
Liu
, B.
, Villavicencio
, R.
, and Guedes Soares
, C.
, 2015
, “Simplified Analytical Method to Evaluate Tanker Side Panels During Minor Collision Incidents
,” Int. J. Impact Eng.
, 78
, pp. 20
–33
.18.
Liu
, B.
, Villavicencio
, R.
, and Guedes Soares
, C.
, 2015
, “Simplified Method for Quasi-Static Collision Assessment of a Damaged Tanker Side Panel
,” Mar. Struct.
, 40
, pp. 267
–288
.19.
Thomas
, S. G.
, Reid
, S. R.
, and Johnson
, W.
, 1976
, “Large Deformations of Thin-Walled Circular Tubes Under Transverse Loading—I. An Experimental Survey of the Bending of Simply Supported Tubes Under a Central Load
,” Int. J. Mech. Sci.
, 18
(6
), pp. 325
–333
.20.
Watson
, A. R.
, Reid
, S. R.
, Johnson
, W.
, and Thomas
, S. G.
, 1976
, “Large Deformations of Thin-Walled Circular Tubes Under Transverse Loading—II. Experimental Study of the Crushing of Circular Tubes by Centrally Applied Opposed Wedge-Shaped Indenters
,” Int. J. Mech. Sci.
, 18
(7–8), pp. 387
–397
.21.
Watson
, A. R.
, Reid
, S. R.
, and Johnson
, W.
, 1976
, “Large Deformations of Thin-Walled Circular Tubes Under Transverse Loading—III. Further Experiments on the Bending of Simply Supported Tubes
,” Int. J. Mech. Sci.
, 18
(9–10), pp. 501
–509
.22.
Soreide
, T. H.
, and Amdahl
, J.
, 1982
, “Deformation Characteristics of Tubular Members With Reference to Impact Loads From Collision and Dropped Objects
,” Nor. Marit. Res.
, 10
, pp. 3
–12
.23.
Guedes Soares
, C.
, and Soreide
, T. H.
, 1983
, “Plastic Analysis of Laterally Loaded Circular Tubes
,” J. Struct. Eng.
, 109
(2
), pp. 451
–467
.24.
Wierzbicki
, T.
, and Suh
, M. S.
, 1988
, “Indentation of Tubes Under Combined Loading
,” Int. J. Mech. Sci.
, 30
(3–4), pp. 229
–248
.25.
Corbett
, G. G.
, Reid
, S. R.
, and Al-Hassani
, S. T. S.
, 1990
, “Static and Dynamic Penetration of Steel Tubes by Hemispherically Nosed Punches
,” Int. J. Impact Eng.
, 9
(2
), pp. 165
–190
.26.
Jones
, N.
, and Birch
, R. S.
, 2010
, “Low-Velocity Impact of Pressurised Pipelines
,” Int. J. Impact Eng.
, 37
(2
), pp. 207
–219
.27.
Kecman
, D.
, 1983
, “Bending Collapse of Rectangular and Square Section Tubes
,” Int. J. Mech. Sci.
, 25
(9–10
), pp. 623
–636
.28.
Kim
, C. S.
, Lee
, Y. R.
, Chung
, T. E.
, Song
, Y. J.
, King
, S. Y.
, and Chirwa
, E. C.
, 1997
, “A Study on Large Deflection of Thin-Walled Tubes Under Pure Bending
,” Int. J. Crashworthiness
, 2
(3
), pp. 273
–286
.29.
Gupta
, N. K.
, Sekhon
, G. S.
, and Gupta
, P. K.
, 2001
, “A Study of Lateral Collapse of Square and Rectangular Metallic Tubes
,” Thin Walled Struct.
, 39
(9
), pp. 745
–772
.30.
Gupta
, N. K.
, and Khullar
, A.
, 1995
, “Lateral Crushing of Square and Rectangular Tubes by Non-Orthogonally Placed Narrow Width Indenters
,” Int. J. Mech. Sci.
, 37
(1
), pp. 31
–50
.31.
Jing
, Y. Y.
, and Barton
, D. C.
, 1998
, “The Response of Square Cross-Section Tubes Under Lateral Impact Loading
,” Int. J. Crashworthiness
, 3
(4
), pp. 359
–378
.32.
Hallquist
, J. O.
, 2006
, “LS-DYNA Theory Manual
,” Livermore Software Technology Corporation
, Livermore, CA.33.
Johnson
, G. R.
, and Cook
, W. H.
, 1983
, “A Constitutive Model and Data for Metals Subjected to Large Strains, High Strain Rates and High Temperatures
,” 7th International Symposium on Ballistics
, The Hague, The Netherlands, Apr. 19–21.34.
Borvik
, T.
, Hopperstad
, O. S.
, Berstad
, T.
, and Langseth
, M.
, 2002
, “Perforation of 12mm Thick Steel Plates by 20mm Diameter Projectiles With Flat, Hemispherical and Conical Noses Part II: Numerical Simulations
,” Int. J. Impact Eng.
, 27
(1
), pp. 37
–64
.35.
Ehlers
, S.
, 2010
, “The Influence of the Material Relation on the Accuracy of Collision Simulations
,” Mar. Struct.
, 23
(4
), pp. 462
–474
.36.
Villavicencio
, R.
, and Guedes Soares
, C.
, 2012
, “Numerical Plastic Response and Failure of a Pre-Notched Transversely Impacted Beam
,” Ships Offshore Struct.
, 7
(4
), pp. 417
–429
.37.
Villavicencio
, R.
, and Guedes Soares
, C.
, 2011
, “Numerical Modelling of the Boundary Conditions on Beams Stuck Transversely by a Mass
,” Int. J. Impact Eng.
, 38
(5
), pp. 384
–396
.Copyright © 2017 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
