Fig. 1 Model test setup, in model scale. Selected full-scale values are given in parentheses. More about this image found in Model test setup, in model scale. Selected full-scale values are given in p...

Fig. 2 ( a ) Wave spectrum together with the mass coefficient calculated based on MacCamy–Fuchs solution. ( b ) Exceedance probability of the wave elevation. More about this image found in ( a ) Wave spectrum together with the mass coefficient calculated based...

Fig. 3 Distribution of relative number of KC occurrences (number of occurrences normalized by total number of cycles) for a strip of a vertical circular cylinder close to the free surface for 10 3-h realizations of the sea state ( H s = 9 m and T p = 12.5 s ) More about this image found in Distribution of relative number of KC occurrences (number of occurrences no...

Fig. 4 Hydrodynamic overturning moment at the mudline for one 3-h realization of the sea state with H s = 9 m and T p = 12.5 s : ( a ) spectrum and ( b ) exceedance probability. Measured data are in black, and the calculations are in colors. (Color version onli... More about this image found in Hydrodynamic overturning moment at the mudline for one 3-h realization of t...

Fig. 5 Bending moment response of the monopile for one 3-h realization of the sea state with H s = 9 m and T p = 12.5 s : ( a ) spectrum and ( b ) exceedance probability. Measured data are in black and the calculations are in colors. (Color version online.) More about this image found in Bending moment response of the monopile for one 3-h realization of the sea ...

Fig. 6 Bending moment response of the structure (color scale in MNm) plotted based on steepness ( H / L 0 ) and depth parameter ( h / L 0 ) for individual wave events. Ten 3-h realizations are included. ( a ) Experimental, ( b ) Mor., ( c ) Mor. C m ( d )... More about this image found in Bending moment response of the structure (color scale in MNm) plotted based...

Fig. 7 The largest event within 10 3-h realizations of the sea state with H s = 9 m and T p = 12.5 s . ( a ) Snapshots of the wave at the location of the model, ( b ) wave elevation signal, and ( c and d ) wavelet plots of the measured wave and REEF3D::FNPF wave, res... More about this image found in The largest event within 10 3-h realizations of the sea state with H s...

Fig. 8 The largest event within 10 3-h realizations of the sea state with H s = 9 m and T p = 12.5 s . ( a ) Shear force in rigid model. ( b – d ) Bending moment response, first-mode response, and second-mode response, respectively. More about this image found in The largest event within 10 3-h realizations of the sea state with H s...

Fig. 9 The second largest event within one 3-h realization of the sea state with H s = 9 m and T p = 12.5 s . ( a ) Snapshots of the wave at the location of the model, ( b ) wave elevation signal, and ( c and d ) wavelet plots of the measured wave and... More about this image found in The second largest event within one 3-h realization of the sea state with ...

Fig. 10 The second largest event within one 3-h realization of the sea state with H s = 9 m and T p = 12.5 s . ( a and b ) Bending moment response and first mode, respectively. ( c ) First-mode response, comparison between experiment, and frequency-depend... More about this image found in The second largest event within one 3-h realization of the sea state with ...

Fig. 11 Gumbel distribution of the largest maxima in 20 one and half hour realizations for ( a ) rigid model overturning mudline moment and ( b ) bending moment response More about this image found in Gumbel distribution of the largest maxima in 20 one and half hour realizati...

Fig. 12 Gumbel distribution of maximum first- ( a ) and second-mode response ( b ). Note that the peaks in these two filtered responses are chosen independently from each other and do not necessarily correspond to the same maximum event of the bending moment response. More about this image found in Gumbel distribution of maximum first- ( a ) and second-mode response ( ...

Fig. 13 90th percentile overturning mudline moment in rigid model and the response from experimental and numerical results More about this image found in 90th percentile overturning mudline moment in rigid model and the response ...

Fig. 14 Probability of exceedance of wave elevation ( a ), bending moment response ( b , c ), as well as first-mode response ( d , e ) for all 10 3-h realizations from experimental results and frequency-dependent Morison and Rainey models More about this image found in Probability of exceedance of wave elevation ( a ), bending moment respo...

Fig. 1 One of the main ways of floating LNG transportation at sea More about this image found in One of the main ways of floating LNG transportation at sea

Fig. 2 LNG helical carcass-supported composite flexible cryogenic pipe structure drawing. 1—outer supporting layer; 2, 5—antiwear layer; 3—braided reinforcement layer; 4—sealing layer; 6—inner supporting layer. More about this image found in LNG helical carcass-supported composite flexible cryogenic pipe structure d...

Fig. 3 Geometric relation diagram of HC-FCP structure More about this image found in Geometric relation diagram of HC-FCP structure

Fig. 4 Schematic diagram of the pipe modeling More about this image found in Schematic diagram of the pipe modeling

Fig. 5 Diagram of pipe model meshing More about this image found in Diagram of pipe model meshing

Fig. 6 Schematic diagram of the pipe simulation cryogenic experiment. 1, 7—tripod; 2—actuator; 3, 8—adjustable flange; 4, 6—flanged tee; 5—extensometer; 9—sample pipe; 10—temperature sensor; 11—force sensor. More about this image found in Schematic diagram of the pipe simulation cryogenic experiment. 1, 7—tripod;...