The results from a previous finite element parametric study by the authors on the effective stress factors (ESFs) occurring in piping branch junctions under internal pressure loading are used to produce an ESF correlation equation for use in design. This is compared with some experimental data and also with other finite element data. Results suggest that ESFs can be predicted with some confidence using the correlation equation.

Issue Section:
Research Papers
Topics:
Junctions, Pipes, Pressure, Stress, Finite element analysis, Design
1.
Atkins R & D, 1990, ASAS-H User’s Manual, Vols. 1 and 2, Woodcote Grove, Epsom, Surrey, UK.
2.
Ayob, A. B., Moffat, D. G., and Mistry, J., 1996, “Interaction of Pressure and Moment Loads on a Piping Branch Junction using Finite Element Analysis,” Proceedings, 8th International Conference on Pressure Vessel Technology, Vol. 2, Montreal, Canada, ASME, pp. 185–196.
3.
British Standards Institution, 1992, BS 806, “Design and Construction of Ferrous Piping Installations for and in Connection with Land Boilers,” Appendix H.
4.
Budden, P. J., and Goodall, I. W., 1989, “The Creep Life of Cylinder/Cylinder Intersections,” Proceedings, Pipework Engineering and Operation, I. Mech. E., London, UK, pp. 249–259.
5.
Crawley
N. E.
,
Moreton
D. N.
,
Moffat
D. G.
, and
Tolley
F.
,
1994
, “
The Effect of Proof Testing on the Shakedown Behaviour of Pressure Vessel Nozzles
,”
Journal of Strain Analysis
, Vol.
29
, No.
2
, I. Mech. E., pp.
81
–
92
.
6.
Decock, J., 1975, “Reinforcement method of Openings in Cylindrical Pressure Vessels Subjected to Internal Pressure,” Report No. MT 104, Centre de Recherches Scientifiques et Techniques de L’Industrie des Fabrications Metalliques.
7.
Findlay, G. E., Moffat, D. G., and Spence, J., 1970, “Some Experimental Stress Results on Pressure Vessel Components,” Paper 5, Proceedings, Fourth International Conference on Experimental Stress Analysis, Cambridge, UK, I. Mech. E., pp. 335–347.
8.
Hassan, A. Y. B., Moffat, D. G., and Brookfield, D. J., 1992, “Stress Analysis of Elliptically Shaped Pressure Vessel Nozzles,” Proceedings, 7th International Conference on Pressure Vessel Technology, Dusseldorf, Germany, pp. 426–436.
9.
Lock, J. D., Carmichael, G. D. T., and Moffat, D. G., 1985, “Finite Element Stress Analysis of an Equal Diameter Branch Pipe Intersection Subjected to Internal Pressure and In-Plane Moment Loadings,” Paper No. C11/85, Proceedings, Pipework Design and Operation, I. Mech. E., pp. 59–70.
10.
Moffat
D. G.
,
1985
, “
Experimental Stress Analysis of Four Fabricated Equal Diameter Branch Pipe Intersections Subjected to Moment Loadings and the Implications on Branch Junction Design
,”
Proceedings, I. Mech. E.
, Vol.
199
, No.
A4
, pp.
261
–
284
.
11.
Moffat, D. G., 1992, “Piping Branch Connections: A New Appendix for BS 806 for Combined Loading,” Seminar on Developments in Pressure Vessel Technology, I. Mech. E.
12.
Moffat
D. G.
,
Mwenifumbo
J. A. M.
,
Xu
S. H.
, and
Mistry
J.
,
1991
, “
Effective Stress Factors for Piping Branch Junctions due to Internal Pressure and External Moment Loads
,”
Journal of Strain Analysis
, I. Mech. E., Vol.
26
, No.
2
, pp.
85
–
101
.
13.
Money, H. A., 1968, “Designing Flush Cylinder-to-Cylinder Intersections to Withstand Pressure,” Proceedings, ASME.
14.
Moore, S. E., 1997, “A General Theory for Developing Correlation Equations from Numerical Data in Two or More Independent Variables©,” S. E. Moore & Associates, Oak Ridge TN 37830.
15.
PDA Engineering Soft-ware Products Division, 1990, PATRAN-G User’s Guide, Vols. 1 and 2, Santa Ana, CA.
16.
Price, R. H., 1981, “Pressure Stresses in Branch Intersections,” CEGB, private communication.
17.
Widera, G. E. O., and Wei, Z., 1996, “Parametric Finite Element Analysis of Large Diameter Shell Intersections,” Part 1, Internal Pressure, PVRC Project No. 95-15(PN-33), preliminary final draft report.
This content is only available via PDF.
Copyright © 1999
 by The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
You do not currently have access to this content.