... of six pipe diameters exhibits a hardening effect when total strain exceeds 3.5%, though a strain up to 1% is deemed sufficient for pipeline design. The study examines the effects of ovality modes and boundary conditions such as NOWARP and NOOVAL on the bending response. ELBOW31 with one or two ovality...

... parameters on the buried pipeline were discussed. The results show that the high stress area and the maximum axial strain of the pipeline are at the edge of the thaw settlement zone. The upper surface of the pipeline is tensile strain while the lower surface is compressive strain. The maximum ovality...

... on the pipe in no-subsidence area. The maximum plastic strain and ovality of the pipe increase with the increasing of subsidence displacement. The displacement, plastic strain, and ovality of the pipe increase with the increasing of diameter–thickness ratio and buried depth. Internal pressure and friction...

...A. V. Kale; H. T. Thorat Straight pipes with a circular cross section are processed into smooth bends by various pipe bending techniques. After bending, the initial circular cross section is deformed with thickness change. These changes from ideal are normally referred to as “ovality” and “thinning...

...A. V. Kale; H. T. Thorat Ovality is a main defect in all pipe bending techniques. An objective of the work is to control ovality in pipe bending. A new concept is suggested for reducing the flattening or ovality. Based on the concept, a mechanism is developed for bending pipes. This mechanism has...