...B. Zheng; M. Liu There is no common agreement on the use of balance valves in the most popular variable water flow systems. A comprehensive theoretical analysis has been conducted to investigate the impacts of balance valves on initial cost, pump operation power, and system control performance...

...Bong H. Kim; Dennis L. O’Neal An experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of electronic flow control on the performance of a variable-speed heat pump. A heat pump with two different expansion devices (capillary tube and electronic expansion valve) was tested in a psychrometric...

...Derek Baker; Gary Vliet Component failures and system performance degradation in SHW systems due to scaling are common in areas with hard water. It appears that many valve and pump failures on the potable water side are related to scaling, and any scale build-up on heat transfer surfaces...